How is Sound Measured and Why Does It Matter?

Sound is energy that travels in waves, and its intensity is measured in units called decibels (dB), meaning that the higher the decibels, the louder the sound. It is important to know that repeated or prolonged (more than 8 hours a day) exposure to noise louder than 85 dB can permanently damage hearing. Under the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) in the USA, the maximum permissible exposure limit for all workers is 90 dBA over an eight-hour period. However, for every 5 dBA*, the amount of time an individual is exposed to that level is reduced by half. For example, according to legal standards, you are allowed to be exposed to eight hours of noise at 90 dBA, but only four hours at 95 dBA and two hours at 100 dBA, due to the way sound intensity is measured. Thus, let us read further to find out how the decibel scale measures differently and why it matters.

* A-weighted decibels, abbreviated dBA, are an expression of the relative loudness of sounds in air as perceived by the human ear.

How is sound measured?

Do you know that decibels are different from other familiar scales of measurement? While many standard measuring devices, such as rulers, are linear, the decibel scale is logarithmic. The logarithmic scale more accurately represents the changes in sound intensity that human ears can perceive.

To explain linear measurement, consider a building that is 100 feet tall. By adding another 10 feet, the building will be 10 per cent taller, which would seem slightly more elevated. Using the logarithmic decibel scale, if a sound is 80 dBA, and we add another 10 dBA, the sound will be 10 times more intense and seem about twice as loud to our ears. If a sound is increased by 20 dBA, it is 100 times louder.

Here is an illustration of common environmental sounds and how they measure up:

Image credit: EarQ

Why does it matter?

As explained, even a small increase in decibel level can significantly impact your hearing health. As decibel rises, your hearing is more likely to be damaged and more quickly than you might expect. This can lead to many implications and gradually reduce your ability to understand speech in noisy places. Life can become a downward spiral when dealing with hearing issues, stress and decreased productivity due to fatigue.

Like any other noise pollution, noises caused by construction sites have always been a concern locally, especially with conventional machinery equipment constantly producing loud noises, causing adverse reactions from people living in the site’s proximity.

While it is not easy to minimise the noisy activities on construction sites, such as jackhammers, tamping machines, and engine generators, which are indispensable machines needed to carry out the project, it is best to control the noise at the source. Companies, consultants, and contractors must be aware that they are directly responsible for the construction noise, for people’s quality of life lies in their willingness to introduce a low-noise purchasing policy for their machinery equipment.

The growing concerns about environmental noise have prompted Denyo to innovate in creating a full range of ultra-quiet generators that are durable, energy-efficient, and quiet – even when operating at full load. Our latest engineering marvel, the Malie DCA-45MZ, registers at only 44 dBA in sound emission, comparable to the sound of a silent library.

Denyo believes that it has a responsibility to deal earnestly with environmental issues and step up on engineering efforts to achieve a liveable environment for all. If you have any further questions about our article, please don’t hesitate to contact us to address your concerns. Thank you.

 



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